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Attributes of The Real Follower of Imams in Their Teachings
15-08-2019 Hits:179933 Imamology طلبه پاسخگو
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Mahdism
In the Name of Allah
I express my greeting to you, the youngsters, seeking the right. I hope that you are well.
This is a website on the basis of which principles of pure Islam are presented.
I can answer your questions regarding Islam religion and Shiite sect. Islam religion means Shiite. Good Luck
.
فلسفه نذورات و خیرات چیست؟
پرسش:
در مورد فلسفه نذورات و خیرات و اینکه این کارها درست است یا نه، توضیح دهید.
پاسخ:
با سلام و ادب
یکی از سنتهای بسیار خوب و مورد تأکید فراوان آیات و روایات سنّت خیرات دادن و اعطای صدقات است.
فلسفه صدقات و خیرات به خاطر وصول به منافعی است که هم در دنیا و هم در آخرت نصیب انسان میشود. علاوه بر آن، اجرای سنّت صدقات و خیرات به اصلاح و آبادی جامعه اسلامی و اعتدال افراد و کاستن از فقر کمک میکند.
در روایات گوناگون این سنت حسنه مورد تأکید فراوان قرار گرفته و بر فلسفه و حکمت آن همراه با نتایج و منافع متعدد اشاره شده است:
امام صادق سلام الله علیه فرمود: «بهترین اثری که هر انسانی بعد از مرگش به جای میگذارد، سه چیز است:
«1ـ فرزند نیکوکاری که برایش آمرزشخواهی کند، 2ـ سنت و روش خوبی که بر آن عمل گردد، 3ـ صدقهای (خیراتی) که بعد از وی جاری و مستمر باشد.(1)
در این حدیث شریف خیرات و صدقات از دو منظر مورد توجه قرار گرفته است:
1ـ خیرات و صدقاتی که شخص قبل از مرگ آن را بنا نهاده تا مردم از آن بهرهمند شوند، مثل وقف که پس از مرگ تبدیل به صدقه جاریهای خواهد شد که در آن دنیا بهرههای بسیاری از آن خواهد برد.
2ـ خیراتی که پس از مرگ شخص، توسط بازماندگان چون فرزندان و یا دیگران به نیّت آن شخص صرف کارهای خیر میشود که استفاده آن را هم شخص مرده میبرد و هم بستگان.
امام صادق(ع) فرمود: «نماز و روزه و حج و صدقه و نیکی و دعا به قبر میت وارد میشود، و پاداش آن برای کسی که انجامش داده، نیز برای میت نوشته میشود»(2).
علاوه بر این موارد، خیرات و صدقات موجب فواید بسیاری است، از جمله دادن صدقات، حوادث ناخوشایند را از انسان دور خواهد کرد. امیرمؤمنان فرمود: «صدقه، بلا و گرفتاری و بیماری را دفع میکنند»(3).
رسول گرامی اسلام فرمود: «خداوند به وسیله صدقه، بیماری و سختی و سوختن و غرق شدن و ویرانی و جنون و هفتاد بدی را دفع و دور میفرماید»(4).
نذر نوعی معامله انسان با خدا است، یعنی ملتزم میشود کار خیری را برای خدا به جا آورد یا کاری را که نکردن آن بهتر است، برای خدا ترک کند(5).
فلسفه نذر یا عهد این است که انسان برای خود تکلیفی را ایجاد میکند و در برابر زحمت و مشقتی که در راه ایجاد تکلیف متحمّل میشود، انتظار پاداش یا برآورده شدن حاجت خود را دارد. و این کاری است مورد قبول شرع و البته خدا عمل او را بی پاداش نخواهد گزارد، گرچه ممکن است به خاطر وجود مصالح یا وجود موانعی، حاجت او برآورده نشود، اما در سرای باقی به پاداش بسیاری جبران خواهد کرد.
1ـ وسائل الشیعه، ج 6، ص 294.
2ـ جامع احادیث الشیعه، ج 8، ص 411.
3ـ غرر الحکم، ج 2، ص166.
4ـ بحار الانوار، ج 59، ص 269.
5ـ ر.ک: توضیح المسائل مراجع، ج 2 ص 541، مسئله 2640.
Ashura
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I am a film writer writing a film presently with the aim of promoting Islamic unity and solidarity
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