questions and answers
Attributes of The Real Follower of Imams in Their Teachings
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Mahdism
In the Name of Allah
I express my greeting to you, the youngsters, seeking the right. I hope that you are well.
This is a website on the basis of which principles of pure Islam are presented.
I can answer your questions regarding Islam religion and Shiite sect. Islam religion means Shiite. Good Luck
.
چرا قبله مسلمانان از بيت المقدس به سوى كعبه تغيير يافت؟
پرسش:
چرا قبله مسلمانان از بيت المقدس به سوى كعبه تغيير يافت؟
پاسخ:
با سلام و ادب
پيامبر اكرم(صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم) و مسلمانان مدّت سيزده سال پس از بعثت در مكّه و نوزده ماه بعد از هجرت در مدينه به امر خداى متعال به سوى «بيت المقدس» نماز مى خوانند؛ پس از آن، قبله تغيير يافت و مسلمانان مأمور شدند به سوى «كعبه» نماز بگذارند.[1]
جريان تغيير قبله در آيات 142 تا150 سوره مباركه بقره بيان شده است. بعيد نيست كه از علل مهم تغيير قبله موارد زير مى باشد:
1. با قبله قرار گرفتن بيت المقدس و سپس تغييرش، مسلمانان در بوته آزمايش قرار گرفتند. قرآن كريم در اين باره مى فرمايد: (و ما جَعَلنَا القِبلَةَ الَّتى كُنتَ عَلَيها اِلاّ لِنَعلَمَ مَن يَتَّبِعُ الرَّسولَ مِمَّن يَنقَلِبُ عَلى عَقِبَيهِ؛[2]و قبله اى را كه چندى بر آن بودى، مقرر نكرديم جز براى آن كه كسى را كه از پيامبر پيروى مى كند، از آن كس كه از عقيده خود بر مى گردد باز شناسيم.)
بديهى است هم نماز خواندن به سوى بيت المقدس براى آنان كه خانه كعبه را سرمايه معنوى نژاد خود مى دانستند، مشكل بود و هم بازگشت به سوى كعبه پس از عادت كردن به قبله نخست. مسلمانان به اين وسيله در بوته آزمايش قرار گرفتند تا تعصب ها در آن ها كشته شود و روح اطاعت و فرمان بردارى در آنان استوار گردد.[3]
2. يهوديان از تورات و انجيل دريافته بودند كه قبله پيامبر موعود (حضرت محمد(صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم)) كعبه خواهد بود، نه بيت المقدس. اگر قبله به سوى كعبه تغيير نمى يافت، بهانه اى به دست يهوديان مى افتاد و مى گفتند اين پيامبر، آن پيامبر موعود نيست. تغيير قبله، اين بهانه را از دست يهود لجوج گرفت.
3. تغيير قبله و پيروى از اين حكم، موجب شد تا نعمت بر مسلمانان تمام شود و دين آنان تكميل گردد و با دورى از تعصب و لجاجت، هدايت يابند، و در ضمن جامعه اسلامى از ديگر جوامع، استقلال يابد.
آيه 150 سوره بقره به اين دو نكته اخير اشاره دارد. (و مِن حَيثُ خَرَجتَ فَوَلِّ وجهَكَ شَطرَ المَسجِدِ الحَرامِ وحَيثُ ما كُنتُم فَوَلّوا وُجوهَكُم شَطرَهُ لِئَلاّ يَكونَ لِلنّاسِ عَلَيكُم حُجَّةٌ اِلاَّ الَّذينَ ظَـلَموا مِنهُم فَلا تَخشَوهُم واخشَونى ولاُِتِمَّ نِعمَتى عَلَيكُم ولَعَلَّكُم تَهتَدون؛ و از هر كجا بيرون آمدى، به هنگام نماز روى خود را به سمت مسجد الحرام بگردان؛ و هر كجا بوديد روى هاى خود را به سوى آن بگردانيد، تا براى مردم ـ غير از ستم گرانشان ـ بر شما حجتى نباشد. پس، از آنان نترسيد، و از من بترسيد،تا نعمت خود را بر شما كامل گردانم و باشد كه هدايت شويد.)[4]
[1]. تفسير نمونه، ج 1، ص 479 ـ 509؛ تفسير نور، محسن قرائتى، ج 1، ص 222.
[2]. بقره/143.
[3]. تفسير نمونه، ج 1، ص 485 ـ 495؛ تفسير الميزان، ترجمه سيد محمدباقر موسوى همدانى، ج 1، ص 488.
[4]. الميزان، ترجمه ناصر مكارم شيرازى، ج 1، ص 458.
Ashura
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