questions and answers
Attributes of The Real Follower of Imams in Their Teachings
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Mahdism
In the Name of Allah
I express my greeting to you, the youngsters, seeking the right. I hope that you are well.
This is a website on the basis of which principles of pure Islam are presented.
I can answer your questions regarding Islam religion and Shiite sect. Islam religion means Shiite. Good Luck
.
آیا پیامبر بعد از رحلت هم می توانند شفاعت کنند؟
پرسش:
آيه 64 سوره نساء درهنگام حضور فيزيکي رسول الله ضمانت اجرائي داشته . آيا بعد از رحلت ايشان کسي ادعا کرده است که : چون خداوند با او در ارتباط است او هم مي تواند شفاعت گناهکاران را از خداوند طلب کند ؟
پاسخ:
پرسشگر گرامي با سلام و سپاس از ارتباطتان
توسل به پيامبر براي استغفار گناهان و شفاعت ايشان در روز قيامت ، در حال وفات ايشان به چند دليل جايز است که عبارت اند از:
کتاب ، سنت و اجماع ، قياس هم که نزد اهل سنت معتبر است ، بر اين مطلب دلالت دارد . مي توانيد اين ادله را به طور مفصل و مشروح در کتاب وفاء الوفاء بأخبار دار المصطفى (1) مشاهده کنيد .
در اين کتاب و غير اين کتاب آمده است که علما از آيه اي که در ذيل مي آيد، اين گونه فهميده اند که طلب استغفار از پيامبر عموميت دارد و شامل زمان وفات ايشان هم مي شود(2) . دلالت اين آيه بر اين عموم بيان هاي گوناگوني دارد که يکي را بيان مي کنيم :
« وَ ما أَرْسَلْنا مِنْ رَسُولٍ إِلاَّ لِيُطاعَ بِإِذْنِ اللَّهِ وَ لَوْ أَنَّهُمْ إِذْ ظَلَمُوا أَنْفُسَهُمْ جاؤُكَ فَاسْتَغْفَرُوا اللَّهَ وَ اسْتَغْفَرَ لَهُمُ الرَّسُولُ لَوَجَدُوا اللَّهَ تَوَّاباً رَحيماً ؛ (3)
هيچ پيامبرى را نفرستاديم مگر براى اين كه به فرمان خدا، از وى اطاعت شود. اگر مخالفان، هنگامى كه به خود ستم مىكردند (و فرمان هاى خدا را زير پا مىگذاردند)، نزد تو مىآمدند و از خدا طلب آمرزش مىكردند و پيامبر هم براى آن ها استغفار مىكرد ، خدا را توبه پذير و مهربان مىيافتند».
اين آيه دلالت دارد که توسل به پيامبر و شفيع قرار دادن او نزد خدا براي آمرزش گناهان امري مشروع و پسنديده است ، از آن جا که اين آيه به يک دستور عمل کلي در ارسال رسولان و رجوع پيروان آنان در اصلاح امر بين خود و خدا ، اشاره مي کند ، اين آيه را نمي توان به زمان حيات انبيا و رسولان اختصاص داد ، زيرا بين ما و پيروان زمان حيات آنان در اصل پيروي هيچ فرقي نيست ، معنا ندارد آيه اي که از رسالت رسولان سخن مي گويد، به فايده اي بسيار جزئي اشاره کند و آن اين که تنها کساني که در زمان حيات پيامبران گناه کردند و توانستند حضورا خدمت برسند ، مي توانند از وساطت پيامبران استفاده کنند !
سياق آيه مناسب با امري مهم و دائمي و فراگير است ، همان گونه که صدر و ذيل آيه ، يعني ارسال رسولان و تواب و رحيميت خدا نشان مي دهد ، شايد به همين جهت است که برخي اهل سنت بدون اشاره به دلائل فني دلالت آيه بر اين مطلب ، اين دلالت را پذيرفته اند .
سيد محسن امين (از علماي شيعه)در کشف الارتياب مي فرمايد : در آيه فرموده زماني که مؤمنان آمدند براي طلب استغفار ، زيارت هم چيزي نيست به جز حضور که آمدن زائر به محضر پيامبر است ، پس آيه شامل زمان وفات هم مي شود.(4)
مؤيد اين آيه ، اين آيه است :
« و اسْتَغْفِرْ لِذَنْبِكَ وَ لِلْمُؤْمِنينَ وَ الْمُؤْمِناتِ ؛(5) براى گناه خود و مردان و زنان با ايمان استغفار كن! »
خداوند متعال در اين آيه به طور کلي دستور داده است که پيامبر براي مؤمنان طلب استغفار کند . عموميت شامل بعد از وفات هم مي شود ، بنابر اين آيه ، پيامبر بعد از حيات هم استغفار مي کند .
بر فرض که دلالت آيات پذيرفته نشود ، روايات و اجماع به طور قطع بر اين مطلب دلالت دارد . اين مطلب در رديف مطالبي قرار مي گيرد که در قرآن دليلي بر آن نداريم ، ولي در سنت بر آن دليل داريم مانند رکعات نماز .
1 . سمهودي ، وفاء الوفاء بأخبار دار المصطفى ،ج4،ص185، دار الکتب العلميه ، بيروت .
2 . نووي ، المجموع ، ج 8 ، ص 274 ، نشر دار الفکر .
3 . نساء (4)آيه 64 .
4 . محسن امين ، کشف الارتياب ، ص 362 ، مکتبه الحريس .
5 . محمد (47)آيه19 .
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I am a film writer writing a film presently with the aim of promoting Islamic unity and solidarity
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