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02-08-2019 Hits:170246 Shia News طلبه پاسخگو
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In the Name of Allah
I express my greeting to you, the youngsters, seeking the right. I hope that you are well.
This is a website on the basis of which principles of pure Islam are presented.
I can answer your questions regarding Islam religion and Shiite sect. Islam religion means Shiite. Good Luck
.
پرسش :
در چه صورتی امر به معروف و نهی از منکر واجب است؟
پاسخ:
با سلام و عرض ادب و احترام
امر به معروف و نهى از منكر يكى از اصول عملى اسلام است . اصلى است كه در قرآن كريم با صراحت و تاكيد آمده و در اخبار نبوى و آثار ائمه طاهرين درباره آن بسيار سخن گفته شده.
قرآن كريم مى فرمايد: «كنتم خير امة اخرجت للناس تأمرون بالمعروف و تنهون عن المنكر و تومنون بالله ; (1) شمامسلمانان بهترين امتى هستيد (يا بوديد) كه خدا براى مردم جهان نمايان فرمود، زيرا شما امر به معروف و نهى از منكر مى كنيد و ايمان به خدا داريد».
با بودن چهار شرط، امر به معروف و نهى از منكر واجب مى شود:
1) علم و آگاهي به معروف و منكر.
2) احتمال فايده و اثربر امر و نهى باشد، بنابراين در جائي كه امر به معروف فايده نداشته باشد يا احتمال تاثير نداشته باشد ، واجب نيست.
3) كسى كه معروف را ترك كرده يا منكر را مرتكب شده ، در ترك واجب يا فعل حرام اصرار و استمرار داشته باشد
4) مفسده و ضررى در امر و نهي بر شخص آمربه معروف يا جامعه نباشد.
امر به معروف و نهى از منكر داراى سه درجه و مرحله است :
1 ) مرتبه قلب
2 ) مرتبه زبان
3 ) مرتبه دست و عمل .
فقهاء هم اين سه مرحله را تشريح كرده و تفصيل داده اند وگفته اند در درجه اول مسلمان بايد در قلب خود نسبت به خلافكارى ها و ترك واجبات الهى تنفرى احساس نمايد وكمترين حالتي كه از اين تنفر قلبى مى تواند داشته باشد، يك عمل منفى است يعنى اعتراض و ترك معاشرت وترشرويى است . در مرتبه زبان هم بايد اول از طريق پند و نصيحت و نرمى وارد شود و اگر فايده اى نكرد سخنانى درشت به كار برده شود.
پس از طي دو مرحله قبل ، گاهى احتياج مى افتد به اين كه برخورد عملى شود كه چه بسا صدماتى را به همراه داشته باشد، فقها در اين جا توقف مى كنند و مى گويند اين ديگر وظيفه عامه مردم نيست و اين مرتبه امر به معروف و نهى از منكر وظيفه حاكم شرعى و دولت اسلامى است . اگر به عموم مردم اجازه اين كارها داده شود مستلزم هرج و مرج و نا امني در اجتماع مى شود.(2) اگر مرحله عملي محدود باشد و با خشونت همراه نباشد ، اشكال ندارد.
پی نوشت ها :
1.آل عمران (3 آيهء 109.
2.استاد شهيد مرتضى مطهرى ، مجموعه گفتارها، ص 36.