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02-08-2019 Hits:199333 Shia News طلبه پاسخگو
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In the Name of Allah
I express my greeting to you, the youngsters, seeking the right. I hope that you are well.
This is a website on the basis of which principles of pure Islam are presented.
I can answer your questions regarding Islam religion and Shiite sect. Islam religion means Shiite. Good Luck
.
پرسش:
در موردي كه زن و مرد به يكديگر قول ميدهند، سپس يكي از آنها به عهد خود وفا نميكند، آيا فقط كسي كه عهد و پيمان خويش را شكسته گناهكار است يا هر دو طرف؟
پاسخ:
با سلام و ادب
چند نكته قابل توجه است:
1. بدون شك، سرمايه زندگي اجتماعي، اعتماد متقابل افراد جامعه است، از جمله گناهاني كه رشته اعتماد و اطمينان را در بين جامعه ميگسلد و زيربناي روابط اجتماعي را سست ميكند ترك وفاي به عهد است كه باعث هرج و مرج ميگردد، به همين جهت، در آيات قرآن تأكيد فراواني به وفاي به عهد و پيمان شده است.
ميفرمايد: "يَـََّأَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوَّاْ أَوْفُواْ بِالْعُقُود;(مائده،1) اي كساني كه ايمان آوردهايد! به پيمانها (و قراردادها) وفا كنيد." كه اين عهد و پيمان معناي وسيعي دارد كه هر نوع قرارداد و عهد و پيمان در ميان افراد را شامل ميشود چه پيمانهاي سياسي و اقتصادي و يا اجتماعي باشد و چه عهد و پيمان خانوادگي و زناشويي. ]ر.ك: (بقره،177); (نحل،91); (رعد، 20); (مريم، 54); (مؤمنون، 8); (معارج، 32)[( تفسير نمونه، آيت اللّه مكارم شيرازي و ديگران، ج 1، ص 600 و ج 4، ص 245 و ج 11، ص 382، دارالكتب الاسلامية. )
و در آيهاي ديگر ميفرمايد: "وَ أَوْفُواْ بِالْعَهْدِ إِنَّ الْعَهْدَ كَانَ مَسْ ?‹ُولاً ;(اسرأ،34) و به عهد (خود) وفا كنيد، كه از عهد سؤال ميشود." و در روايات نيز ميخوانيم كه مسلمانان موظفند كه سه برنامه را در مورد همگان انجام دهند خواه طرف مقابل مسلمان باشد يا كافر، نيكوكار باشد يا بدكار، كه آن سه عبارتند از: وفاي به عهد، اداي امانت و احترام به پدر و مادر.( ر.ك: ميزان الحكمة، محمدي ري شهري، ترجمه حميد رضا شيخي، ج 9، ص 4100، دارالحديث. )
2. بر طبق مسئله فقهي، اگر زن و شوهري در ضمن عقد خود شرطي كنند، آن شرط لازم و واجب است رعايت شود، مثلاً اگر زني در هنگام خواندن عقد خود با مرد شرط كند كه او را از فلان شهر بيرون نبرد و مرد هم قبول كند، نبايد زن را از آن شهر بيرون ببرد.( توضيح المسائل مراجع، سيد محمد حسن بني هاشمي، ج 2، ص 427، مسئله 2451، دفتر نشر جامعه مدرسين حوزه علميه قم. )
3. در موردي كه عهد و پيماني بسته ميشود، فقط كسي كه در ابتدأ آن عهد را شكسته مرتكب گناه شده. البته، بديهي است كه عهد و پيمان، نبايد خلاف شرع بوده باشد.
مركز فرهنگ و معارف قرآن