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Attributes of The Real Follower of Imams in Their Teachings
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Mahdism
In the Name of Allah
I express my greeting to you, the youngsters, seeking the right. I hope that you are well.
This is a website on the basis of which principles of pure Islam are presented.
I can answer your questions regarding Islam religion and Shiite sect. Islam religion means Shiite. Good Luck
.
پیامبر که امی بودند در زمینه علم می تواند الگو باشد؟
پرسش:
ما معتقديم كه پيامبر(صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم)الگوى كامل انسان ها هستند. با توجّه به اين كه ايشان هرگز به مكتب نرفتند و پاى درس استادى حاضر نشدند، آيا مى توان آن حضرت را در زمينه تلاش براى يادگيرى علم و دانش الگوى انسان ها دانست؟
پاسخ:
با سلام و عرض ادب
با توجّه در نكات زير پاسخ پرسش فوق روشن مى شود:
1. پيامبر(صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم)هرگز به مكتب نرفتند و كتاب نخواندند و چيزى ننوشتند تا مبادا مردم، قرآن را نيز حاصل درس و بحث و نويسندگى آن حضرت بدانند. اگر پيامبر اهل خواندن و نوشتن بودند، برخى از مردم در خدايى بودن قرآن ترديد مى كردند و آن را نوشته خود پيامبر مى شمردند.[1] در آيه 48 سوره عنكبوت مى خوانيم: (وما كُنتَ تَتلُوا مِن قَبلِهِ مِن كِتاب وَ لا تَخُطُّهُ بِيَمينِكَ اِذاً لاَرْتابَ المُبطِـلونَ؛ تو هرگز پيش از اين كتابى نمى خواندى، و با دست خود چيزى نمى نوشتى، مبادا كسانى كه درصدد (تكذيب و) ابطال سخنان تو هستند، شك و ترديد كنند.) پس ننوشتن و نخواندن پيامبر(صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم)به خاطر بى توجّهى ايشان به علم و دانش نبوده است. پيامبر پيش ديگران درس نخوانده،شاگرد خداوند بوده و خداوند او را قلم، علم و حكمت داده است (يُعَلِّمُهُمُ الكِتابَ وَ الحِكمَةَ) و كسى كه شاگردى خداوند را كرده، بهترين استاد براى ديگران خواهد بود.
2. فراگيرى دانش، راه هاى مختلفى دارد. حضور در كلاس درس تنها يكى از راه هاى آموختن علم است. بندگى خدا و پرهيزگارى نيز راه ديگر برخوردار شدن از علم و دانش است. خداى متعال، به افرادى كه گوش به فرمان او باشند، علم و دانش عنايت مى فرمايد. پيامبر(صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم)نيز از اين لطف الهى برخوردار بودند و از خزانه علم الهى بهره مند مى شدند. پس آن حضرت نيز در مسير علم گام بر مى داشتند؛
امّا شكل آن، با شكل علم آموزى مردم عادى متفاوت بوده است. در آيه 113 سوره نساء مى خوانيم: (وعَلَّمَكَ ما لَم تَكُن تَعلَمُ؛ و آنچه را نمى دانستى، به تو آموخت)بنابراين، رسول خدا(صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم)هم در مدّت عمرشان، مشغول آموختن بوده اند.
3. در آيه 114 سوره طه آمده است: (وقُل رَبِّ زِدنى عِلمـاً؛ بگو: پروردگارا علم مرا افزون كن) براساس اين آيه، پيامبر(صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم)نيز پيوسته به دنبال علمِ بيش تر بوده اند. اگر بنا به دلايلى ـ از جمله اثبات الهى بودن قرآن و نيز نبود استادى كه بتواند چيزى به آن حضرت بياموزد ـ رسول خدا(صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم)به مكتب نرفتند، الگو بودن ايشان زير سؤال نمى رود.
4. فقط مكتب رفتن يا نرفتن يك شخص، نمى تواند ميزان اهتمام او را به علم و دانش نشان دهد. رسول خدا(صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم)گرچه به دلايلى خود چيزى نمى نوشتند و شاگردى كسى را نمى كردند؛ امّا مسلمانان را مرتّب به نوشتن آموخته ها و فراگيرى دانش ها سفارش مى كردند. يعنى با توجّه به شرايط خود، بيش ترين توجّه را به علم و دانش داشتند و در اين راه كوشش هاى بسيارى نمودند و از اين رو، در اين زمينه هم الگوى ممتازى هستند.
5. در سخنان پيامبر(صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم)تأكيد فراوانى بر يادگيرى دانش وجود دارد كه نشانه اهتمام آن حضرت به علم است. براى نمونه دو حديث را ذكر مى كنيم:
الف) «طَلَبُ الْعِلْمِ فَريضَةٌ عَلى كُلِّ مُسْلِم، اَلا اَنَّ اللهَ يُحِّبُّ بُغاةَ الْعِلْمِ[2]؛ طلب دانش بر هر مسلمانى واجب است، هان كه خدا جويندگان دانش را دوست دارد».
ب) «اِنَّ المَلائِكَةَ لَتَضَعُ اَجْنِحَتَها رِضاءً لِطالِبِ الْعِلْم[3]؛ فرشتگان با خشنودى، بال هاى خود را براى جوينده دانش مى گسترند».
[1]. تفسير الميزان، علاّمه طباطبايى، ج 16، ص 144، انتشارات علمى ؛ تفسير نمونه، آية الله مكارم شيرازى و ديگران، ج 16، ص 303، دارالكتب الاسلامية.
[2]. الكافى، شيخ كلينى، ج 1، ص 30، دارالكتب الاسلاميه.
[3]. همان، ص 34.
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