questions and answers
Attributes of The Real Follower of Imams in Their Teachings
15-08-2019 Hits:180396 Imamology طلبه پاسخگو
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Brief History of Religions
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Mahdism
In the Name of Allah
I express my greeting to you, the youngsters, seeking the right. I hope that you are well.
This is a website on the basis of which principles of pure Islam are presented.
I can answer your questions regarding Islam religion and Shiite sect. Islam religion means Shiite. Good Luck
.
تفاوت نفس با روح در چیست؟
پرسش:
نفس با روح چه فرقي دارد؟
پاسخ:
با سلام و ادب سلامتي،از ارتباطتان با سایت طلبه پاسخگو سپاسگزاریم
در لغت نفس با روح به يك معنا گرفته شده،ولي براي آن دو معاني ديگر گفته اند.
نفس به معاني؛روح، چشم زخم، خون، جسم(بدن)، شخص انسان، عظمت و مردانگي آمده است.(1)
روح به معاني؛ وسيلة حيات و زنده ماندن، نفس، لطيف، وحي، ملاك، حكم الله و روح القدس آمده است.(2)
ابوعلي سينا گويد: خداوند مردم را از گرد آمدن سه چيز آفريد: يكي تن كه او را به تازي بدن يا جسد خوانند و ديگري جان كه آن را روح خوانند و سوم روان كه آن را نفس خوانند.
غزالي گويد: روح همان خود تو و حقيقت تو مي باشد. همان چيزي كه از هر چيز بر تو پنهان تر و تو به آن ناآگاه تري. روح تو همان بُعد ويژة انساني است كه منسوب به خدا است، چنان كه فرموده است: "قل الروح من امر ربّي؛ بگو روح از امر پروردگارم است"، "و نفختُ فيه من روحي؛ از روح خود در آدم دميدم". البته اين روح غير از آن روح جسماني لطيف است كه منشأ آن قلب است و در سراسر اجزاي بدن ميان رگ ها منتشر است و حامل نيروي حسّ و حركت مي باشد. اين روح به انسان اختصاص ندارد، بلكه انسان در اين جهت با ديگر حيوانات شريك است. اين روح به واسطة مرگ نابود مي شود، زيرا عبارت است از بخاري كه اعتدال آن بر اثر اعتدال و انسجام اخلاط و عناصر مزاج است. چون انسجام به پراكندگي گراييد، بخار منعدم مي شود، مانند چراغ كه روغنش به اتمام مي رسد و خاموش مي شود. اين روح بار امانت و معرفت را نتواند حمل كند و آن روح كه حامل بار امانت و معرفت است، روح ويژة انسان است.
وي مي گويد: روح فناپذير و مردني نيست، بلكه به مرگ بدن حال او به حال ديگر تبديل مي شود.(3)
اميرالمؤمنين(ع) فرمود:"روح نكتة لطيفي و لمحة شريف است كه حكايت از خلقت و عظمت خالق دارد. آن را از خزائن ملكش به اين عالم آورده، پس آن وديعه و امانتي الهي است". ابوعلي سينا اين كلام را به شعر در آورده است:
هبطت اليك من المحلّ الارفع أنفت فما الفت فلمّا آنست ورقاء ذات تعزز و ترفّع كرهت مفارقه الديار البلقع
حقيقت و كنه روح بر همگان نامعلوم است و بزرگان اهل تحقيق به عجز خود در اين باره معتقدند و آية "يسئلونك عن الروح...؛ از تو دربارة روح سؤال مي كنند، بگو: روح از امر پروردگارم است و اطلاعات كمي نسبت به آن داده شده ايد".(4) بيانگر اين حقيقت است.
امام صادق(ع) فرمود: "روح را نتوان به سنگيني و سبكي توصيف كرد. روح جسمي رقيق است كه قالبي تيره بر آن پوشانيده شده است". از او پرسيدند: آيا بعد از مردن، روح از بين مي رود؟ فرمود: "خير، باقي مي ماند".(5)
نفس داراي معاني مختلفي است. از انسان يا حيوان، نفس تعبير مي شود، چون داراي حساسيّت و درّاكيّت است. احتمال دارد چون انسان و حيوان تنفّس مي كنند، از آن ها به نفس تعبير شود. احتمال دارد چون انسان داراي ارزش و نفاست است، چون روح، شريفترين جزء انسان و حيوان است،اين كلمه بر انسان و حيوان اطلاق شود.(6)
نفس در قرآن به اعتبار صفات مختلفي كه در آن است، به پنج مرتبه تقسيم شده است:
1- نفس امّاره و آن نفسي است كه به خوي ملكوتي تهذيب نگشته، به هواي خود به پيش مي رود.
2- نفس لوامه كه مدام خود را به كوتاهي در انجام وظائف ملامت و سرزنش كند، هر "چند به نيكي كوشا باشد.
3- نفس مطمئنّه نفسي است كه از اضطراب شك به آرامش يقين گراييده و از هر بيم و هراسي ايمن است.
4- نفس راضيه بدانچه بر او بگذرد خشنود است.
5- نفس مرضيه كه خدا از او راضي باشد.
از كميل بن زياد نقل شده: علي(ع) عرض كردم: يا اميرالمؤمنين! نفسم را برايم تعريف كن! فرمود:كدام نفست را؟ گفتم مگر چند نفس داريم؟ فرمود: اي كميل! چهار نفس است: نفس نامية نباتيه، حسيّة حيوانيه،ناطقة قدسيه كه ويژة انسان است و مدار تكاليف الهي است و كلية الهيه كه خاص انبيا و اولياي الهي است.(7)
- المنجد.
- همان.
- سيد مصطفي دشتي، معارف و معاريف، ج 5، ص 712.
- اسراء (17) آيه 85.
- سيد مصطفي دشتي، معارف و معاريف، ج 5، ص 713، به نقل از تفسير صافي.
- همان،ج 10، ص 176، به نقل از تفسير مجمع البيان.
- همان، ج 10، ص 178.
Ashura
- The Third Imam, Husayn Ibn ‘Ali (as)
- A brief look at the Life of Imam Hussein
- Karbala – the Rendezvous of Faith
- In the School of Imam Husain (AS) – 2
- In the school of Imam Husain (AS) - 1
- Ziarat-e-Ashura
- The Imam Husayn's Concepts of Religion and Leadership
- Karbala and the Imam Husayn in Persian And Indo-Muslim literature
- Hazrat Zainab's(s.a) Marriage
- Hazrat Zainab (s.a.) and Imamate
- Hazrat Zainab (s.a.) in Karbala
- Who was Yazid?
- SHIMR B. ZIL JAWSHAN
- The Imam’s Brother, ‘Abbās's Martyrdom
- The Martyrdom of Abalfazl-Abbas(A)
- The short life History of Hadhrat Abbas (as)
- Titles of Hazrat Abbas (a.s.)
- The Imam’s Brother, ‘Abbās's Martyrdom
- A short biography of Hazrat Ummul-Baneen (s.a)
- The Standard Bearer of Husain
Articles
- The Actions of God
- Methods of Tabligh (propagation)
- The Signs of the Appearance (Zuhur) of the Mahdi
- Further Investigation in the Hadith-Reports
- How Will the Imam Know That the Time for the Appearance (Zuhur) Has Come?
- The Minds of the People Prepare for the Advent of the Mahdi
- The Residence of the Twelfth Imam
- The Research about Longevity
- The Sunni Books on the Characteristics of the Mahdi
- Why Did Not the Occultation Become Complete from the Beginning?
- Can a Five Year Old Boy Become an Imam?
- Who Was the Imam after Hasan Al-'Askari?
- The Unseen World and the Imam of the Age
- Mahdiism, the Jews, and the Iranians
- The Pseudo-Mahdis
- The Beginning of the Belief in the Mahdi
- Love, Sexual Discipline and Chastity. Democratic Morality, Love in Personality Growth
- Basic Need for Humane Conditioning of Natural Instincts And Desires
- A Critical Examination of The Theoretical Basis of The Proposed New Sexual Freedom
- Proposed New Sexual Freedom
Shiite Studies
- Who is a Real Shia Muslim?
- SHI'ITE RELIGIOUS THOUGHT
- Heavenly Warrant
- What does “Shi‘ah” mean?
- Why do the Shī‘ah prostrate on turbah (dried clay)?
- Is according to Islam religion separate from politics?
- What are the sources of Shī‘ī jurisprudence (fiqh)?
- Shia’ jurisprudence
- The features of Shia' ethics
- 22 Not a new lifestyle
Wahabiyat
I am a film writer writing a film presently with the aim of promoting Islamic unity and solidarity
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