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Attributes of The Real Follower of Imams in Their Teachings
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Mahdism
In the Name of Allah
I express my greeting to you, the youngsters, seeking the right. I hope that you are well.
This is a website on the basis of which principles of pure Islam are presented.
I can answer your questions regarding Islam religion and Shiite sect. Islam religion means Shiite. Good Luck
.
آيا غسل جنابت بر اهل بيت(ع) نيز واجب بوده است؟
پرسش:
با توجّه به آيه تطهير، آيا غسل جنابت بر اهل بيت(عليهم السلام) نيز واجب بوده است؟
پاسخ:
با سلام و عرض ادب و احترام
آرى، بر اهل بيت(عليهم السلام) هم غسل جنابت واجب بوده و آنان نيز همانند ديگر مكلفان، غسل جنابت مى كردند. براى روشن شدن پاسخ، نكات زير شايان ذكر است:
1. قرآن كريم در آيه تطهير مى فرمايد: «خداوند مى خواهد پليدى [و گناه] را از شما اهل بيت دور كند و به طور كامل شما را پاك سازد.»[1]
واژه «الرجس» در آيه، به معنى پليدى و ناپاكى است، خواه اين ناپاكى از نظر طبع آدمى باشد، يا به حكم عقل يا شرع يا همه اين ها.[2] و اين مفهومى عام و فراگير است كه همه انواع پليدى و گناه را شامل مى شود. در قرآن كريم نيز از «شرك»، «مشروبات الكلى»، «قمار»، «گوشت هاى حرام» و ... به «رجس» تعبير شده است.[3]
2. بر اساس آيه تطهير، اراده قطعى خداوند حكيم بر اين قرار گرفته كه گروه معيّنى از نزديكان پيامبر(صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم)(اهل بيت(عليهم السلام)) از انواع پليدى هاى اعتقادى، اخلاقى و عملى مصون باشند. و اين، همان مقام «عصمت» است كه طهارت باطنى اهل بيت(عليهم السلام) را بيان مى كند و موجب شايستگى آنان براى هدايت و رهبرى امّت اسلام مى گردد. نتيجه آن كه آيه تطهير، در صدد بيان طهارت ظاهرى، نيست.[4]
افزون بر اين، در احاديث فراوانى از خود اهل بيت(عليهم السلام) اين پليدى (= الرجس) به گناه، خطا، زشتى ها و شك معنا شده است. به عنوان مثال، رسول خدا(صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم) يك بار پس از خواندن آيه تطهير فرمودند: «فاَنَا وَ اَهلُ بَيتي مُطهَّرونَ مِنَ الذُّنوبِ؛ پس من و اهل بيتم از گناهان پاك هستيم.»[5] بنابراين، از اين آيه نمى توان چنين استدلال يا استنباط نمود كه آنان از امورى طبيعى و بشرى مانند جنابت مبرّا بوده اند.
3. بنابر عقيده شيعه، اهل بيت(عليهم السلام) همانند ديگر افرادند، جز اين كه از نظر علم و تقوا و شجاعت و ديگر صفات پسنديده، در بالاترين درجه كمال انسانى قرار دارند. خداوند متعال درباره پيامبر(صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم)مى فرمايد: (قُل اِنَّما اَنا بَشَرٌ مِثلُكُم يوحى اِلَىَّ؛[6]
بگو من بشرى هستم مانند شما [امتيازم اين است كه] به من و حى مى شود.)[7] پس چون ايشان بشرند، مانند همه مكلفان، بايد دستورهاى الهى ـ از جمله غسل جنابت ـ را انجام دهند.
4. بر اساس ظاهر برخى احاديث، اهل بيت(عليهم السلام) نيز همانند ديگران جنب مى شدند و غسل مى كردند.[8] بايد توجّه داشت كه اشتراك اهل بيت(عليهم السلام) با ديگر مردمان در حالات طبيعى و ويژگى هاى جسمانى، هرگز به معناى كاستى مقام آن بزرگواران شمرده نمى شود؛ زيرا همين مشابهت است كه آنان را الگوى انسان ها ساخته است.
[1]. احزاب/33.
[2]. مفردات الفاظ القرآن، راغب اصفهانى، ص 342.
[3]. ر.ك: حج/30؛ مائده/90؛ توبه/125.
[4]. ر.ك: تفسير الميزان، علاّمه طباطبايى، ج 16، ص 312، انتشارات اسماعيليان ؛ تفسير نمونه، آية الله مكارم شيرازى و ديگران، ج 17، ص 297، دارالكتب الاسلامية؛ تفسير تسنيم، آية الله جوادى آملى، ج 2، ص 149، مركز نشر اسرا.
[5]. اهل بيت(عليهم السلام) در قرآن و حديث، محمد محمدى رى شهرى، ترجمه حميدرضا شيخى و محمدرضا آژير، ج 1، ص 152، ح 156، نشر دارالحديث.
[6]. كهف/110 .
[7]. ملاحظه كنيد: (فصلت/6 و اسرا/93).
[8]. ر.ك: وسائل الشيعه، شيخ حر عاملى، ج 1، ص 486، ح 11 ـ 14، داراحياء التراث العربى، بيروت.
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